The heavily solar and wind based electricity grid in Spain and Portugal failed on Monday 28 April 2025, resulting in the worst blackout in living memory, 55 million people affected, it’s expected to cost between 2.25 and 4.5 billion Euros.

While authorities are looking for answers, their renewables grid lacks system inertia. This limitation of too much solar and wind energy was addressed by Danny Price of Frontier Economics.  He stressed the importance of  maintaining baseload electricity for stability and system inertia. This was taken into account by Frontier Economics in the planned shift from coal to 7 nuclear power stations in Australia by always maintaining 65% baseload capacity.

Further details can be found in Newsletter #17

The full report is at: